Knowledge of the harmful effects of tobacco use has prompted sustained efforts to regulate the industry that produces and markets tobacco products. The last decade has been encouraging with the development of the first global treaty negotiated under the auspices of the World Health Organization (WHO). The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), adopted by the World Health Assembly …
Why are established lean enterprises so durably successful while so many at- tempts to become lean fail? The answer lies in the Anna Karenina principle, an extension of Tolstoy’s observation: “Happy families are all alike; every un- happy family is unhappy in its own way.” In general, this means that a defi- ciency in any one of a number of factors critical to overall system function doom…
The second edition of Just-in-Time Accounting demonstrates for the controller or chief financial officer how to streamline an accounting system so that transac- tions can be processed with minimal errors and staff time, resulting in high lev- els of efficiency that result in more time for other activities. Part One of the book uses a multistep approach to improving accounting sys- tems. The fir…
This book is dedicated to Mirjaliisa Charles. Its content is related to the research fields she has been involved in over the years, but in particular, the book focuses on the field in which she has done pioneering work over the past ten years: International Business Communication (IBC). The authors of the book are Mirjaliisa’s research fellows, colleagues and doctoral students from all over …
The world is experiencing significant transformations in its geo-political and economic constitution. The processes of transformation have accelerated over the last decades. A signifi cant part of the growth potential of the world economy nowadays and for the coming decades resides in some fast-developing countries. Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS) have displayed such…
First and foremost, this is a book about economic growth and long-run economic development. The process of economic growth and the sources of differences in economic performance across nations are some of the most interesting, important and challenging areas in modern social science. The primary purpose of this book is to introduce graduate students to these major questions and to the theo…
You are just beginning your study of economics, but let us fast-forward to the end of your first economics course. How will your study of economics affect the way you see the world? The final exam is over. You are sitting at a restaurant table, waiting for your friends to arrive. The place is busy and loud as usual. Looking around, you see small groups of people sitting and talking animated…
When, on 7 April, people around the world commemorate the 10th anniversary of the Rwanda genocide, that observance should be fi lled not only with remorse, but with resolve. We must remember the victims – the hundreds of thousands of men, women and children abandoned to systematic slaughter while the world, which had the capacity to save most of them, failed to save more than a handful, …
The mobile development community is at a tipping point.Mobile users demand more choice,more opportunities to customize their phones,and more functionality.Mobile operators want to provide value-added content to their subscribers in a manageable and lucrative way.Mobile developers want the freedom to develop the powerful mobile appli- cations users demand with minimal roadblocks to success.Final…
During the months we were writing this book, a lot of people asked us what would make this book special and why someone should care to read it. The most powerful argument that I heard all this time was, "Hey, Google official supports only Gradle to build Android applications and the latest release of Android Studio makes extensive use of Gradle. Ant was already replaced and Maven is nowhere. Wh…
Open source development is well understood in our community. But we shouldn’t take it for granted. I (Stray) was working on some of the diagrams for the book on a flight back from the first ever Robotlegs team meet-up, and the man next to me started asking questions about what I was doing. When I told him I was working on a book about a project that was the collective effort of strangers from…
The ActionScript 3.0 Cookbook is written with all levels of ActionScript developers in mind—people like you who want practical solutions to common problems. Keep this book next to your computer to tackle programming challenges. It is filled with exciting yet accessible and practical examples, solutions, and insights into the situations that Flash and ActionScript developers are sure to encoun…
Getting started with MongoDB is easy, but once you’re building applications with it more complex questions emerge. Is it better to store data using this schema or that one? Should I break this into two documents or store it all as one? How can I make this faster? The advice in this book should help you answer these questions.
How do people really learn? The answers and theories are endless. They include ideas ranging from genetic imprinting to osmosis and modeling and emotional intelligence. Brain research is voluminous in the 21st century. For now, though, please ask yourself: How do I learn? Isn’t that an interesting question? And, what do you learn? Do you learn infor- mation from reading, watching videos, usin…
Much has been written about the political, economic and social dimensions and challenges of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) (see Noland and Pack 2007; World Bank 2007b; AfDB and OECD 2008; Muasher 2008; Richards and Waterbury 2008; World Bank 2008d; IMF 2009b). These works cover the situation in different combinations of countries in the region depending on how they chose to define…
Through good economic times and bad, marketing remains the pivotal function in any business. Determining and satisfying the needs of customers through products that have value and accessibility and whose features are clearly communicated is the general purpose of any business. It is also a fundamental definition of marketing. This text introduces students to the marketing strategies and tool…
In the UK fewer students engage with mathematics after the age of 16 than do their peers in other countries. This is a serious problem and the Foundation shares the Secretary of State’s view that: “…within a decade the vast majority of pupils [should be] studying maths right through to the age of 18.”1 One way of addressing this issue is to consider what kinds of free-standing mathe…
I have two objectives in offering this book to the public. I wish to define the essential features of the free society, and to advance certain proposals in the field of labor relations. These two objectives have, as it seems to me, many things in common, not the least of which is their common relevance to those prominent current problems which set our era apart in history. While we speak …
This book is concerned with production and related economic issues. Generally speaking, production consists of the transformation of factors of production into products. The way in which the production is carried out—the production process—is outlined in Fig. 1.1. First, the factors of production (also called input) are taken to a production plant, which is where the actual production …
Professional ethics and Human values’ is a very relevant subject of today’s environment of conflicts and stress in the profession, with obligations to be met by one person in many directions. A formal study will certainly improve one’s ability and judgment and refine one’s behaviour, decisions, and actions in performing the duty to the family, organization, and to the society. Academ…