Leadership

Strategic Approach to the Evaluation of Programs Implemented Under the Tom Lantos and Henry J. Hyde U.S. Global Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria Reauthorization Act of 2008

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Since the first case was recognized in the early 1980’s, the spread of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), has achieved pandemic proportions (CDC, 1981; UNAIDS, 2006). According to the latest report from the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) and the World Health Organization (WHO) (2009), HIV/AIDS continues to be a major global health priority. In 2008, the number of people living with HIV worldwide reached an estimated 33 million, an increase of more than 20 percent since 2000 (UNAIDS and WHO, 2009). The number of new HIV infections in 2008 was estimated to be nearly 3 million, which is approximately 30 percent lower than at the pandemic’s peak in 1996—with 84 percent of the new HIV infections occurring among people aged 15–49 years old (UNAIDS and WHO, 2009). Sub-Saharan Africa accounts for 67 percent of people (approximately 22 million) living globally with HIV and continues to experience the greatest burden of the disease, including the largest proportion of new HIV infections in 2008. Asia follows with nearly 15 percent (approximately 5 million people) of adults and children living with HIV (UNAIDS and WHO, 2009). The Caribbean has the second highest adult HIV prevalence of 1 percent (UNAIDS and WHO, 2009). Worldwide, the prevalence of HIV reached peaks in the 1990s and early 2000s. The timing of peaks in incidence varied considerably, from the early 1980s to the mid 1990s, indicating that the peaks in incidence preceded those in prevalence by nearly a decade. This implies that prevalence continued to rise for a number of years after the incidence rate had begun to decline (UNAIDS and WHO, 2009).

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Publisher

: ., 2010

Collation

1-216

Language

English

ISBN/ISSN

978-0-309-15393-5

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NONE

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Edition

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Subject(s)

Strategic Approach to the Evaluation of Programs I

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