The very first time was when I took a programming class during my freshman year of college. It was a mandatory course for the curriculum Ihad decided to enroll in. It wasn’t like what I had seen in so many movies during my child- hood. I didn’t type in a few simple commands, press ENTER, and watch a trash-can robot say “hello.” There wasn’t even a trash-can robot in this class. Inste…
This volume, Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation, is a Special Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The report is a collaborative effort of Working Group I (WGI) and Working Group II (WGII). The IPCC leadership team for this report also has responsibility for the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (AR5), scheduled for c…
This volume, Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation, is a Special Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The report is a collaborative effort of Working Group I (WGI) and Working Group II (WGII). The IPCC leadership team for this report also has responsibility for the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (AR5), scheduled for c…
Since its early ARPANET inception during the Cold War, the Internet has grown by a staggering nine orders of magnitude. Today, the Internet and the World Wide Web pervade our lives, having fundamentally altered the way we seek, exchange, distribute, and process information. The Internet has become a powerful social force, transforming communication, entertainment, commerce, politics, medicine, …
This book is for anyone who has basic knowledge of web development and who wants to enhance their knowledge on mobile website performance optimization. By reading this book, a user will get to know how to measure their website's performance, the tools they can use to debug and monitor their website, and the tips and tricks to optimize their website.
Let’s get familiar with dRuby. dRuby stands for “distributed Ruby.” It’s one of the standard libraries that comes with the Ruby core code, and you can use it to write distributed programming apps without the hassle of installing and configuring additional components. In this chapter (because it’s an unwritten rule), we’ll start with “Hello, World” and then create a small reminde…
When learning a new language, there are three things that you need to understand. The first and most important is the abstract model that the language presents. The next is the concrete syntax. Finally, you need to learn your way around the standard libraries and the common idioms of the language. This chapter will look at the abstract model that Go presents to programmers. If you want to dive…
When this book was conceived, our first instinct was to create a comprehensive comparison between Clojure and its host language, Java. After further reflection, we reached the conclusion that such an approach would be disingenuous at best, and disastrous at worst. Granted, some points of comparison can’t be avoided, but Java is very different from Clojure and to try and distort one to explain…
In this book, I describe the Linux programming interface-the system calls, library functions, and other low-level interfaces are used, directly or indirectly, by every program that runs on Linux.
This book is an updated and expanded version of Ruby in a Nutshell (O’Reilly) by Yukihiro Matsumoto, who is better known as Matz. It is loosely modeled after the classic The C Programming Language (Prentice Hall) by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie, and aims to document the Ruby language comprehensively but without the formality of a language specification. It is written for experienced pro…
While many companies are primarily defined by a business model, Thought- Works is primarily defined by a social model. We define three pillars to measure success in our business and to influence our business decisions. • Run a sustainable business. • Champion software excellence, and revolutionize IT. • Advocate passionately for social and economic justice. This ThoughtWorks business …
In the last decade it has become increasingly clear that the character of the world economy—and the role of the United States in the world economy—is changing. Two characteristics of global economic change are particularly important. First, over the last 35 years there has been substantial relative growth (in pan simply postwar reconstruction) of national economies in Europe and Asia. In th…
A computer program is a set of statements that is used to create an output, such as a screen display, a printed report, a set of data records, or a calculated set of numbers. Most programs involve statements that are executed in sequence. A program is written using the statements of a programming language. Individual statements perform simple operations such as printing an item of text…
This study is clearly not immediately related to any application. Instead we definitely and only consider the fundamental mathematical structure modeling mechanical computations. As pointed out in [12] and in other scientific disciplines as well, it appears to be very important to develop some mathematical models for our main concept, that is in our case that of computation. In doing so, we i…
Internationalization is an increasingly pervasive force in U.S. manufacturing, creating new sources of competition and new standards for competitiveness. The growing importance of imports and exports in domestic manufacturing and the significant rise in foreign investment in the United States in recent years are the most obvious evidence of internationalization. Less obvious, but more important…
This book won’t teach you the basics of LINQ. It will teach you how to use it appropriately. Having a jackhammer is great only if you know how to use it properly; otherwise, you are not much better off than someone with a hammer. LINQ is powerful. Powerful beyond measure. I hope you will see some of that power by following the examples in the book. Here is a brief walk-through of the chapter…
There is no doubt that the enactment of a competition law and the creation of a specialised agency to enforce it are key conditions for the development of a favourable economic environment in any country. Mexico started this process in the early 1990s, with the approval of the Federal Law of Economic Competition (FLEC1), and the creation of the Federal Competition Commission (CFC2 or Commi…