Asset management and performance measurement are topics of strong interest in the transporta- tion community today. NCHRP Project 20-60 looks to the strengths of both of these concepts in con- sidering what performance measures are best to apply within an asset management context. In doing this the study considers implications of several relevant trends now influencing U.S. trans- portation in…
This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the National Research Council’s Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published report as sound as possible and to …
ince its creation more than 200 years ago, the U.S. patent system has played an important role in stimulating technological innovation by providing legal protection to inventions of every description and by disseminating useful technical information about them. With the growing importance of technology to the nation’s well-being, patents are playing an even more prominent role in the economy.…
Making the Nation Safer: The Role of Science and Technology in Countering Terrorism, a report released by the National Academies in June 2002,1 articulated the role of science and technology in countering terrorism. That report included material on the specific role of information tech- nology (IT). Building on that report as a point of departure, the panel of experts responsible for the IT ma…
This book has been developed and expanded from materials prepared for a course delivered to Masters students in Earth Science at the Australian National University. These students had a broad range of experience and discipline base, and so from the beginning the treatment was rather general. The aim is to build an understanding of the nature of scientific research, and the way in which it …
In this book, we argue that the strategies a company’s managers pursue have a major impact on its performance relative to rivals. A strategy is a set of actions that managers take to increase their company’s performance relative to rivals. If a company’s strategy does result in superior performance, it is said to have a competitive advantage. Much of this book is about identifying an…
eflecting their broad interest in the health of America’s research enterprise, the National Academies launched a study in early 2000 on the implications of information technology for the future of the nation’s research university—a social institution of great importance to our economic strength, national security, and quality of life. The premise of this study was a simple one. Although t…
In this short book, I try to outline the history of the European economy—which is somewhat different from an economic history of Eu- rope. By “European economy,” I mean a world economy in the sense of Fernand Braudel and Immanuel Wallerstein, one that is of course located in Europe and has some common aspects and some common institutions; one that is somewhat integrated, as its different …
Handheld computers or personal digital assistants (PDAs) were launched in the marketplace in 1996. Within 18 months, these handheld devices had swept through the business community and virtually trans- formed the way people took notes and kept professional and personal cal- endars. Today, PDAs can connect to the Internet and provide a variety of services, from scouting out restaurants in the vi…
More importantly, the committee has tried in this report to provide a way of thinking about workforce issues in IT/HT that is largely indepen- dent of specific legislation. It seems safe to predict that the debate over the IT/HT workforce and immigration will not be definitively resolved by any one piece of legislation—such is the nature of controversial issues engaged by the political proce…