This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the National Research Council’s Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published report as sound as possible and to …
Computing technology is widely touted as fast moving. Generations of products and their underlying electronics are introduced at intervals of 18 to 24 months, and the number and variety of computer- and communications-based goods and services are growing. Technology and industry experts believe that the double-digit rates of improvement experienced in the last couple of decades can be sustain…
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA’s) Bioastronautics Roadmap (BR) is “the framework used to identify and assess the risks of crew exposure to the hazardous environ- ments of space.” The BR was created to facilitate and support the successful accomplishment of the three Design Reference Missions: a one-year mission to the International Space Station, a month-long …
This report on systems integration is the second in a series of Computer Science and Telecommunications Board (CSTB) reports focusing on the competitive status of the U.S. computer industry. In CSTB's initial report, Keeping the U.S. Computer Industry Competitive: Defining the Agenda (National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., 1990), leaders of the computing field surveyed each of the maj…
There are strong motivating factors for increased awareness and action with regard to Enterprise Risk Management (ERM). Effective ERM policies and practices are lauded to increase stakeholder confidence, competitive advantage and ultimately an organization’s long-term viability. However previous studies suggest that the concept is poorly understood in practice and organizations are failin…
The Society, at its Annual Meeting, shall elect, by ballot, a President, two Vice-Presidents, Corresponding Secretary, Recording Secretary, Treasurer, Librarian, and five Censors, who shall together constitute an Executive Committee, to whom shall be intrusted the general business of the Society when it is not in session; the appointment of all standing committees, and such other committees as …
This guide is based on earlier practical field applications of approaches contained in a FAO working paper (Taylor et al., 2010). The working paper’s detailed technical section has served as a background resource document for the present guide. The practical approach described in Part Two of this guide has been developed largely during practical and training workshops carried out in Viet Nam …
The development of information and communications technologies (ICTs) enables businesses and individuals to communicate and engage in transactions with other parties electronically, instantaneously and internationally. This gives rise to a variety of legal and regulatory issues for policymakers, from the validity of electronic methods of contracting and the security risks associated with them, …
This document was prepared by the Process Safety Management Division of the Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering (CSChE). It is based on earlier editions developed through the Major Industrial Accidents Council of Canada (MIACC), a voluntary alliance of interested parties dedicated to reducing the frequency and severity of major industrial accidents. From 1987 until its dissolution in 1…
Courts have long recognized that people with mental illnesses have the right to be free from the improper use of seclusion and restraint. In the landmark 1982 case Youngberg v. Romeo, the Supreme Court recognized that the use of restraint is a drastic deprivation of personal liberty, holding that “[t]he right to be free from undue bodily restraint is the core of the liberty interest protected…
Health care waste management (HCWM) has been described as “a process to help ensure proper hospital hygiene and the safety of health care workers and communities. It includes planning and procurement, construction, staff training and behavior, proper use of tools, machines and pharmaceuticals, proper disposal methods inside and outside the hospital, and evaluation.”1 Health care waste manag…
Today there is a global health workforce crisis – one marked by critical imbalances. Many countries are faced with the challenge of shortages of dentists, doctors, nurses, pharmacists, physiotherapists and other health workers. In some countries these shortages co-exist with underemployed and unemployed health professionals, because of funding shortfalls, planning inadequacies and geographic …